His activities greatly disappointed some of his old friends, including Hawthorne. Although he had earlier supported the " free soil" movement, he now defended the institution of slavery, writing that blacks and whites could not live together in harmony. O'Sullivan wrote a number of pamphlets promoting the Confederate cause, arguing that the presidency had become too powerful and that states' rights needed to be protected against encroachment by the central government. In Europe when the war began, O'Sullivan became an active supporter of the Confederate States of America he may have been on the Confederate payroll at some point. O'Sullivan opposed the coming of the American Civil War, hoping that a peaceful solution, or a peaceful separation of North and South, could be resolved. By 1846, investors were dissatisfied with his poor management, and he lost control of his magazine. O'Sullivan was an aggressive reformer in the New York State Legislature, where he led the unsuccessful movement to abolish capital punishment. It published some of the most prominent American writers, including Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, John Greenleaf Whittier, William Cullen Bryant, and Walt Whitman. It espoused the more radical forms of Jacksonian Democracy and the cause of a democratic, American literature. In 1837, he founded and edited The United States Magazine and Democratic Review, based in Washington. In 1834, he received a Masters of Arts and became a lawyer. O'Sullivan enrolled at Columbia College in New York at the age of 14. O'Sullivan's father was a naturalized US citizen and had served as US Consul to the Barbary States. According to legend, he was born at sea on a British warship off the coast of Gibraltar. John Louis O'Sullivan, born on November 15, 1813, was the son of John Thomas O'Sullivan, an American diplomat and sea captain, and Mary Rowly, a genteel Englishwoman. minister to Portugal during the administration of President Franklin Pierce (1853–1857). O'Sullivan was an influential political writer and advocate for the Democratic Party at that time and served as U.S. John Louis O'Sullivan (Novem– March 24, 1895) was an American columnist, editor, and diplomat who used the term " manifest destiny" in 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States.
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